🔴 STRICT EXAM
Edema Causes Symptoms Diagnosis and Complete Medical Management
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Question 1 of 45
A 55-year-old man with long-standing congestive heart failure presents with worsening bilateral pedal edema despite normal serum albumin levels. Which physiological mechanism is the primary driver of edema formation in this patient?
A
Reduced plasma oncotic pressure due to protein loss
B
Increased capillary hydrostatic pressure secondary to venous congestion
C
Primary lymphatic obstruction
D
Increased capillary permeability from inflammation
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